Substance Abuse : Drugs of Abuse
Introduction
- Substance abuse is defined as excessive use or misuse of drugs or alcohol for intoxicating or mind altering effects.
- Abused substances have become progressively more potent, and their routes of administration have become increasingly effective, resulting in greater risks of addiction and toxicity.
Classification
1. Stimulants
E.g.
- Amphetamines
- Cocaine
- Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
- Synthetic cathinones (Bath salts) -Methcathinone, Butylone, Naphyrone, Methylene dioxypyrovalerone
2. Hallucinogens
E.g.
Indole Amines | Phenyl alkyl amines | Aryl cyclo hexyl amines | Cannabinoids |
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) | Mescaline | Phencyclidine | Marijuana ( Tetrahydrocannabinol) |
Lysergic acid amide | |||
Psilocybin | |||
Harmine | |||
Bufotenin |
3. Alcoholes
E.g.
- Ethanol
Note: Alcohol dependance is treated by following drugs-
- Disulfiram
- Naltrexone
- Acamprosate
4. Prescription drug abuse
E.g.
- Opioids
- Benzodiazepines
- Barbiturates
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