Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, Wuhan virus, China virus)
Introduction
- SARS-CoV-2 belongs to family of Coronaviruses.
- Reservoir : Undefined (?bats, snakes)
Morphology
- Enveloped
- Shape: Carrying petal or club shaped or crown like peplomer spikes giving appearance of Solar Corona.
- Size: Large (120-160 nm)
- Symmetry: Helical
- Genome: Linear, positive sense ss RNA (non- segmented genome)
Disease
- SARS-CoV-2 ⇒ Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Mode of Transmission
1. Human-to-Human transmission
- Mode of infection: Droplets, Contact, & Fomites
- Source of infection: Cases (Asymptomatic, Symptomatic)
People can catch COVID-19 from others who have the virus. The disease can spread from person to person through small droplets from the nose or mouth which are spread when a person with COVID-19 coughs or exhales. These droplets land on objects and surfaces around the person. Other people then catch COVID-19 by touching these objects or surfaces, then touching their eyes, nose or mouth. People can also catch COVID-19 if they breathe in droplets from a person with COVID-19 who coughs out or exhales droplets. This is why it is important to stay more than 1 meter (3 feet) away from a person who is sick.
Can the SARS-CoV-2 be transmitted through the air?
- Studies to date suggest that the virus that causes COVID-19 is mainly transmitted through contact with respiratory droplets rather than through the air. See previous answer on “How does COVID-19 spread?”
Can CoVID-19 be caught from a person who has no symptoms?
- The main way the disease spreads is through respiratory droplets expelled by someone who is coughing. The risk of catching COVID-19 from someone with no symptoms at all is very low. However, many people with COVID-19 experience only mild symptoms. This is particularly true at the early stages of the disease. It is therefore possible to catch COVID-19 from someone who has, for example, just a mild cough and does not feel ill. WHO is assessing ongoing research on the period of transmission of COVID-19 and will continue to share updated findings.
Can I catch COVID-19 from the feces of someone with the disease?
- The risk of catching COVID-19 from the feces of an infected person appears to be low. While initial investigations suggest the virus may be present in feces in some cases, spread through this route is not a main feature of the outbreak. WHO is assessing ongoing research on the ways COVID-19 is spread and will continue to share new findings. Because this is a risk, however, it is another reason to clean hands regularly, after using the bathroom and before eating.
2. Animal-to-Human transmission
