Neostigmine : Therapeutic uses, Clinical uses, Indications, Dosage, Side Effects, Warnings, Interactions, Precautions, Contraindications & Brand names
Neostigmine is a Cholinergic Agonist (Indirect acting/ Anti-cholinesterase agent Reversible), used to treat myasthenia gravis.
Dose : 0.5-2.5 mg (I.M./S.C.), 15-30 mg (Oral)
Route : Oral, Parenteral (Intramuscular, Subcutaneous)
Plasma half-life : 50–90 minutes
Duration of action : 3-4 hours
Bioavailability : ? (around 5 %)
Chemical formula : C12H19N2O2
IUPAC name : 3-{[(dimethylamino)carbonyl]oxy}-N,N,N-trimethylbenzenaminium
Trade name : Prostigmin, Myostigmin, Tilstigmin, Vagostigmin
Therapeutic uses : Neostigmine has following usage :
- Used to treat myasthenia gravis
- Used to stimulate the bladder and GI tract i.e. To relieve Postoperative paralytic ileus/non-obstructive urinary retention.
- Used for Postoperative decurarization since act as an antidote for competitive neuromuscular-blocking agents.
- Neostigmine + atropine is used to prevent respiratory paralysis in Cobra bite.
Side effects : Adverse effects of neostigmine include those of generalized cholinergic stimulation, such as
- Salivation,
- Flushing,
- Decreased blood pressure,
- Nausea,
- Abdominal pain,
- Diarrhea, and
- Bronchospasm.
Neostigmine does not cause CNS side effects and is not used to overcome toxicity of central-acting antimuscarinic agents such as atropine.
Drug Interactions: Neostigmine may interact with following drugs :
Precautions
Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist
- If you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies.
- Your medical history.
Contraindications
- Contraindicated when intestinal or urinary bladder obstruction is present.
- Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to neostigmine-methylsulfate
For detailed query or in case of uncertainty, Always consult your doctor or pharmacist.
